Research Thematics
News
CALL for NEW RESEARCH GROUP LEADERS
We are opening two distinct calls for new research group leaders. We encourage both young and already established outstanding researchers to apply. The deadline for applications is July 1st 2017. Selected applicants will be interviewed in October 2017.
PhD defense: Typhanie DUMONTET
On Friday, july 7th, in the CRBC Amphi "Volcan", Thyphanie DUMONTET will defend her thesis entitled:"Rôle de la signalisation PKA dans la zonation de la glande surrénale : modèles génétiques murins et mécanismes post-traductionnel"
Les Doctorants du GReD à l’honneur lors des JED 2017.
Houda TABBAL, doctorante dans l’équipe « Pathophysiologie moléculaire des tissus surrénaux et endocriniens » et Alexandre CHAMPROUX, doctorant dans l’équipe « Mécanismes de l'infertilité mâle post-testiculaire », ont tous deux été primés lors des Journées de l’école Doctorale 2017.
Les Mardis du GRed - Juin 2017
12H30 – 13H30
Faculté de médecine
Amphi 1 (1èR étage, R1)
06 Juin : Damien BOUVIER GReD, INSERM U1103, CNRS 6293, UCA
Biomarkers of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome in amniotic fluid: first results from rat model
13, 20 & 27 Juin : Pas de séminaires
Déménagement du GReD au CRBC
04 Juillet : Stéphanie HERMITTE GReD, INSERM U1103, CNRS 6293, UCA
Amphi Volcan (3eme étage CRBC)
Relationship between the transcription factor GATA6 and the RTK pathway during primitive endoderm differentiation
Weapons exchange in the battle between transposable elements and their host
The inactivation of transposable elements within genomes is insured by multiple epigenetic mechanisms. Olivier Mathieu's team has identified two genes required for repressing many transposable elements through a new molecular pathway independent of the main epigenetic modifications. Surprisingly, these genes could themselves have derived from transposable elements. This reveals that domestication of transposable elements by flowering plants’ genomes would have allowed emergence of a new mechanism to control activity of these invasive sequences. This study is published in Nature Communications (Ikeda et al., 2017).
Male infertility, toward new molecular causes .
Bile acids are molecules with endocrine activities controlling several physiological functions such as immunity and glucose homeostasis. Recently, they have also been shown to be involved in testicular physiology and as a cause of male fertility in experimental models. By the mean of mouse models and pharmacological approaches, the team of David Volle revealed the unexpected presence of alternative pathways, involving the Nuclear Receptor CAR (Constitutive-Androstane-Receptor ; NR1I3), to mediate bile acid functions in testis.
This study is published in Scientific Reports (Martinot et al., 2017).
The LINC complex contributes to heterochromatin organisation and transcriptional gene silencing in plants
The linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton (LINC) complex is an evolutionarily well-conserved protein bridge connecting the cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments across the nuclear membrane. Recent investigations have highlighted its function in nuclear morphology and meiosis. The new study performed by the team of Aline Probst and Christophe Tatout brings new insights into LINC complex function in plants. Using 3D imaging and molecular techniques the authors reveal that plants carrying mutations in this complex show release of transcriptional silencing as well as a decompaction of heterochromatic sequences. Therefore, the plant LINC complex contributes to proper heterochromatin organisation and positioning at the nuclear periphery, illustrating the important function of the nuclear envelope in the regulation of genome expression.
This study has been published in Journal of Cell Science (Poulet et al., 2017)
The journey of a thousand piRNAs begins with a single Dot
Among the several kinds of non-coding small RNAs, piRNAs (Piwi-interacting RNAs) are the ‘transposon-silencers’. They occur within the gonads of animals, protecting the cellular genome from transposable elements. One of the most mysterious question is how piRNAs are transcribed and processed inside the cell. Now Chantal Vaury’s lab brings new data into the biosynthesis of piRNAs. Their study, published recently in Nature Comm (Dennis & al., Nat Commun, 2016 Dec 8;7:13739. doi: 10.1038/ncomms13739), shows that the precursor transcripts of piRNAs are exported out of the nucleus by specific exporter proteins-Nxt1,Nxf1 and that the export itself directs the assembly of Yb bodies which are the cytoplasmic maturation centres of piRNAs. Chantal’s lab has been actively studying piRNA production for the past years, using the ovarian tissue of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster as a model. In 2013, they discovered ‘Dot COM’ – a single bright spot within the nuclei of ovarian follicular cells where piRNA precursor transcripts accumulate before to be processed. This year their new study has revealed that the precursors travel away from the site of transcription in the DNA to DOT COM, with the help of exportins and exon-junction complex (EJC) proteins. The study opens new possibilities of research in the piRNA and transposable element regulation fields.
Adrenal gland differentiation: positive antagonism
Endocrine activity of the adrenal glands is essential for body homeostasis and depends on the differentiation of two concentric cellular zones. Using transgenic mouse models, Pierre Val’s team has shown that this zonal differentiation relies on a double antagonistic interaction between two signalling pathways. They further show that this antagonism inhibits development of aggressive tumours in mouse models and patients. This study is published in Nature Communications (Drelon et al., 2016) .
In a few words...
The GReD is a Research Center at Clermont-Ferrand, capital of the Auvergne region of central France. Created in 2008, the GReD is supported by the University of Auvergne, the University Blaise Pascal, the CNRS (UMR6293) and the INSERM (U1103). The center is composed of 10 research groups (totalling 130 people in April 2014) and is situated on the neighbouring campuses ...
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